What You Should Know About Dysentery
Dysentery is the cause of 20% of deaths resulting from diarrhea [1]. It stems from an infection of the intestines that leads to diarrhea with blood or mucus. The two main causes of dysentery are the Shigella bacteria (found primarily in western countries) and the amoebic parasite called Entamoeba histolytica (found in tropical areas) [2]. In the United States, approximately 450,000 Shigella caused infections occur each year [3]. Yet majorly, Shigella affects children in low to middle income countries, with about 99% of the cases occurring in those countries out of which 69% affects children. The leading reason for this is poor sanitation and overcrowding [4]. Dysentery-causing bacteria was first discovered by Kiyoshi Shiga in 1898, and in the following 100 years, researchers studied this, leading to the explication of the Shigella pathogen. Interestingly, this led to Shigella being one of the best models for studying invasive bacterial pathogens and has helped in our underst...